The rapid expansion of global education systems in the twenty-first century has prioritized employability, technical competence, and performance metrics. However, this emphasis has often overshadowed the cultivation of moral, ethical, and spiritual values in learners. As a result, value erosion, stress, and the disconnection between knowledge and wisdom have become critical challenges for modern education. Indian philosophical traditions, rooted in the Vedas, Upanishads, Bhagavad Gita, and Gurukul pedagogy, provide a holistic framework where intellectual growth is integrated with ethical and spiritual development. These traditions emphasize dharma (righteous duty), śraddhā (faith), viveka (discernment), yoga (discipline), and ātma-jñāna (self-realization) as essential elements of learning. Through a literature-based analysis, this paper explores how the principles of Indian philosophy can address contemporary educational challenges by fostering value-based learning. Case studies of ancient universities like Nalanda and Takshashila, along with modern practices such as the inclusion of the Bhagavad Gita in management education, demonstrate the continuing relevance of these traditions. The paper argues for an integrated model of education where skills, values, and wisdom converge to prepare learners not only for professional success but also for responsible and ethical citizenship.