This study investigates the global landscape of tariff wars in 2025, focusing on unilateral and reciprocal tariff measures enacted predominantly by the United States under the second Trump administration and corresponding responses from nations across the world. It examines tariff levels, trade disruptions, economic consequences, and sectoral impacts—particularly on developing economies. Findings highlight that while protectionist policies aim to bolster domestic industries, retaliatory measures and judicial checks significantly limit net gains, with severe ramifications for global trade, supply chains, poverty, and sustainable development.